Uncovering Teachers’ Varying Views on Reading and Writing Instruction

Through an exploratory study, authors Poulson, Avramidis, Fox, Medwell and Wray, investigated how 225 effective teachers of literacy viewed certain literacy approaches/strategies and considered how their educational backgrounds influenced these views. This study also included a group composed of 71 math coordinators, which served as a comparison to the effective teachers of literacy. The instructional views of the effective teachers of literacy were compared to the instructional views of the math coordinators. Having a profession in research or education gives these authors authority to write about and share information on this topic of study. Poulson, Fox, and Medwell are education lecturers at universities. Avramidis is a â€Å"Research Fellow† and Wray is an education professor. The authors’ work experience gives credibility to this study. This study conducted in 1996-1998, appeared in a 2001 edition of Research Papers in Education. This article critique provides a s ummary of the exploratory study, discusses the relevance of the study to the classroom and determines how these authors define â€Å"literacy.† Content Summary This exploratory study sought to reveal effective teachers’ views of teaching reading and writing, in correspondence to their qualifications, and furthermore, compare the effective teachers’ views to a group of math coordinators. This exploratory study involved 225 effective teachers of literacy and 71 math coordinators, which served as a comparison group. The comparison group incorporated various levels of effectiveness (some were considered to be more effective than others). The teachers were selected from primary schools in Britain. The qualifications of the participants included â€Å"effective teachers’ education... ...r own views impact their reading and writing instruction. I determined that the literacy definition present in this study is reading and writing; reading by decoding words, previewing and repeating new words, and guessing unfamiliar words and writing by focusing on content versus correct spelling, varying the intended audience, and considering elements of presentation. I would recommend this study to any grade level teacher, literacy coach, or curriculum developer. After reading this article, these individuals could reflect on how their own views could be influencing their instruction. Works Cited Poulson, L., Avramidis, E., Fox, R., Medwell, J., & Wray, D. (2001). The theoretical beliefs of effective teachers of literacy in primary schools: An exploratory study of orientations to reading and writing. Research Papers in Education, 16(3), 271-292.

Carrefour

France's Carrefour relies on the key strengths of supplier contacts and customer knowledge when developing and implementing marketing strategy. Carrefour has ‚Â ¬108 billion in yearly turnover and operates 1,530 hypermarkets, supermarkets, discount stores and convenience stores in 33 countries. Even though retailing is an intensely competitive industry, Carrefour's marketers have used these global strengths to great advantage when preparing marketing plans to address various opportunities and threats in Europe, Latin America and Asia.For example, a few months after Carrefour moved its global sourcing office to Thailand, executives became aware that local farmers were producing a surplus of fruits such as durian and mangosteens. In the past, these fruits had sold well in the 34 Thai Carrefour stores as well as in the chain's outlets in Taiwan, China and Indonesia. Identifying this as a marketing opportunity, Carrefour's marketing director in Thailand arranged to buy hundreds of additional tonnes of local fruits and created a plan to encourage he European stores to stock the fruits as a taste of Thailand at an attractive price.Depending on the country, as much as 90-95 per cent of merchandise stocked in Carrefour stores is purchased from local suppliers. The purpose is to make the most of the opportunity by establishing mutually beneficial connections with local suppliers for the long term. When Carrefour's marketers analyze the internal environment, they examine the results of previous marketing programmes across the entire chain and in individual stores. They have grouped the customer base of 14 illion households worldwide into 60,000 customer segments for more relevant marketing attention.With deep analysis, they can target more precisely and measure the return on investment for each programme in the marketing plan. Carrefour also acts quickly when analyses point to unusual challenges or opportunities. For example, Just a few months after opening hyperm arkets in Moscow and Krasnodar, the retailer decided to stop expansion in Russia and sell the new stores because difficult economic circumstances had reduced short-term growth opportunities.

The Advertisement For Dolce And Gabbana - 868 Words

Less Than a Man There are a different number of methods in which a precise conceptual message can be distributed. Often, a more over the top and overbearing approach is utilized to grab an audience’s attention and sell a product. While some people perform such pretentious messages with little tact, there are people out there who are intelligent and creative enough to present a rich message in an overstated manner that will shock people into challenging the certainty of the message and ultimately bringing attention and business to the company advertising. The overwhelming photograph advertisement for Dolce and Gabbana portrays extreme male dominance as well as objectifying women as a whole. It promotes women accepting this role as if it is a gender normality in today’s society. Sexualization is a huge controversy in the advertising industry. Sexualization explains how ads portray women being dominated by men in the images with violent and abusive connotations. Most of humanity is comple tely blind to the sexism that occurs daily in the world around them. Sexism is a large issue for today’s society. Being seen in a workplace, at home, in schools, and especially in the media, the Dolce and Gabbana advertisement proves to be an image explaining typical gender roles in culture today. The advertisement was first published in the fashion magazines in 2007 for the spring and summer issues by Dolce Gabbana. The image shows a beautiful woman dressed in black lingerie wearingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Dolce and Gabbana Perfume Advertisement719 Words   |  3 Pages Dolce and Gabbana Perfume Advertisement I will be looking at the advert for the Dolce Gabbana perfume. This particular advert is trying to persuade the audience to buy both the male and female version of the perfume. To analyse this advert I will be using the key concepts. The advert has 3 main colours in it. 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This can range from racism, feminism, sexism, ageism and even possibly religion, homophobia; the list can go on and on. This may concern very few people or many people; they may find it offensive or disturbing. Adverts have been around for hundredsRead MoreThe Media s Influence On The Society987 Words   |  4 Pagessub-classification of Dolce and Gabbana distributions. They were established in 1982, although this specific advert was spurred in the January 2006 Forbs magazine. In such an advertisement, the audience expects a demeanor of glamour, magnificence and appeal to be depicted. It is a typical tradition for a celebrity especially a prominent actor or model to endorse the item and in this case. A good example is Scarlett Johnson who is the focus of the present commercial advertisement for Dolce and Gabbana s perfume